Historical Record · 1987 to 2001 · A record of what was built, and how
Founded 1987

Before the Cloud Had a Name

In 1988, a three-person team paid for by Maynard L. Dokken (often written Maynard Dokken) was running applications as a service over phone lines, a decade before the industry coined the term “application service provider” in mid-1998. No investors. No web. No name for what they were building. It worked anyway.

A historical record of what was built, and how

The Origin StoryHow It Was Built

“They said it could not be done. Then they looked at the site and changed.”

The diagrams on this site were redrawn later, from what survived of the work and from memory

1987–1988 · a team of three

The Application Gateway

One IBM PS/2 with Micro Channel, two modems, one shared database and one login for several accounts, on an operating system whose serial support had to be written first.

The diagram to the right was redrawn later, from what survived of the work and from memory. In 1988 everything was text, and images could not be sent.

How It Was Built
Application Gateway: IBM PS/2, Micro Channel serial interfaces, modems and data store (redrawn later)

The Application Gateway — redrawn later from what survived of the work and from memory; in 1988 everything was text

1987–2001

Fourteen Years

SuccessInc to Milinx: application gateways, online payment, IVR, cloud infrastructure, mobile apps, meta-databases, biometric encryption, patents

1987

The idea: link the universities to employment databases

1987–1988

The gateway: PS/2, two modems, Minix

1988

AppNet and the first application

1989

UUNET becomes a paid service

1990

Refocus on corporate intranets

1992

Security risks found; a ratings agency alerted

1994

Community layer; Assured Card founded

1996–2001

Assured Credit, then Milinx

The Full Journey